save our earth

JADILAH SAHABAT BUMI

2010-05-26T16:57:00.000-07:00

di tulis oleh: ricky masri leafbuds
Apakah kita pernah tersadar dimanakah kita sekarang ini? Kita sebagai manusia hidup di Bumi mulai dari lahir, kecil, beranjak dewasa, sampai kita meninggal. Kita sangat berhutang budi pada Bumi, planet tempat tinggal kita yang tercinta ini.

Tetapi, berapa banyak kita telah mengotori Bumi, merusak Bumi, dan membuat Bumi ini menjadi tidak indah lagi? Kadang-kadang kita tidak sadar bahwa perbuatan kita sangat merusak Bumi dan terkesan tidak berterima kasih pada Bumi yang telah berjasa banyak pada Bumi.

Oleh karena itu, kita harus mulai mengubah hidup kita agar perbuatan kita ini tidak lagi merusak Bumi. Tentunya kita adalah manusia yang tidak dapat melakukan semua hal. Jadi, kita cukup melakukan perbuatan yang dapat kita lakukan dan tidak perlu memaksakan diri. Jika kita hanya dapat berbuat hal-hal yang sederhana, ya kita lakukan hal sederhana tersebut. Jangan hanya karena hal sederhana yang bis kita lakukan, kita malu untuk melakukannya sehingga kita tidak melakukan apa-apa. Tetapi juga kita harus mengembangkan diri supaya bisa melakukan hal yang lebih besar lagi. Yang terpenting adalah niat dan keikhlasan.

Hal-hal kecil yang dapat kita lakukan misalnya adalah membuang sampah pada tempatnya, melakukan penghematan listrik, menghemat Bahan Bakar Minyak dan masih banyak lagi.Mungkin kita sudah bosan dengan kata-kata "Buanglah Sampah Pada Tempatnya". Kita mendengar kata-kata itu sejak kita kecil sampai dewasa. Tetapi apakah kita sudah melakukan hal yang kita anggap sederhana tersebut? Mungkin ya, mungkin tidak. Kadang-kadang untuk sampah yang besar kita ingat, tetapi jika sampahnya kecil seperti sobekan kertas, plastik, atau bungkus snack, kita membuangnya begirtu saja. Jika kita ada di kelas, maka kita taruh sampah tersebut dikolong meja. jika ada diangkot maka ditaruh dibawah tempat duduk.

Hal itu tidak hanya dilakukan oleh anak-anak, tetapi juga oleh orang dewasa. Itu menandakan bahwa yang terpenting adalah kesadaran diri. Usia tidak berpengaruh pada sikap seseorang. Yang paling berpengaruh adalah kesadaran. Itu yang paling penting. Begitu juga dengan penggunaan listrik dan air. Kita selalu menganggap bahwa lebih banyak orang yang menngunakan air lebih banyak dari diri kita sendiri sehingga kita berpikir kalaupun kita menghemat, tetap saja tidak akan berguna. Itu adalah pemikiran yang salah. Jika semua orang berfikir itu, maka tidak akan ada yang berhemat bukan? Kita harus menanamkan pikiran segala sesuatu hal yang baik itu harus dimulai dari diri kita sendiri. Jangan menunggu orang lain untuik berbuat hal kebaikan.

Oleh karena itu, maka untuk menjaga lingkungan kita ini, lingkungan Bumi kita yang tercinta ini, lakukanlah suatu hal yang kecil karena sesuatu yang besar itu tidak ada sebelum ada hal yang kecil. Jika hal kecil itu dilakukan oleh banyak orang, maka hal kecil itu akan menjadi hal yang besar. Jika seribu orang membuang sampah pada tempatnya dan menjaga kebersihan, maka daerah tersebut akan menjadi bersih. Tetapi jika seribu orang membuang sampah sembarangan, maka tentunya daerah itu akan sangat kotor sekali.

Jadi, janganlah pernah meremehkan hal-hal kecil seperti menghemat listrik, menghemat air, menghemat BBM, atau membuang sampah pada tempatnya. Lakukan mulai dari diri sendiri lalu tularkanlah pada orang-orang disekitar anda. Jadilha sahabat Bumi dan cintailah Bumi ini. Semoga jika kita telah melakukan hal terbaik yang bisa kita lakukan, Bumi ini kembali indah, sejuk, segar dan udaranya nyaman sehingga ita semakin senang hidup di Bumi ini. JADILAH SAHABAT BUMI!

planting trees to fight global warming

2009-06-13T16:34:00.000-07:00

In November, a discussion arose over tree planting as a viable method to offsets carbon emissions. A new study, which used computer modeling to calculate the impact of forests on climate change, concludes that yes, trees can help... if they're planted in the right places. According to a BBC article,
Dr [Govindasamy] Bala [of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory] and colleague Ken Caldeira, from the Carnegie Institution of Washington, used a computer model to determine the impact which forests in different parts of the planet would have on temperature.

Their analysis indicates that three key factors are involved:
forests can cool the planet by absorbing the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide during photosynthesis
they can also cool the planet by evaporating water to the atmosphere and increasing cloudiness; a deck of white clouds reflects incoming solar radiation straight back out into space
trees can also have a warming effect because they are dark and absorb a lot of sunlight, holding heat near ground level
"Our study shows that tropical forests are very beneficial to the climate because they take up carbon and increase cloudiness, which in turn helps cool the planet," explained Dr Bala.

The further you move from the equator, though, these gains are eroded; and the team's modelling predicts that planting more trees in mid- and high-latitude locations could lead to a net warming of a few degrees by the year 2100.

"The darkening of the surface by new forest canopies in the high-latitude boreal regions allows absorption of more sunlight that helps to warm the surface," Dr Bala said.
Though we're guessing the debate has just begun on this issue, this study will certainly have an impact on services offering to offset carbon emissions by planting trees. We'll also be interested to see if this changes the dynamics between companies harvesting timber and fiber from northern forests, and the activists that keep an eye on them. It shouldn't -- forests provide many other services besides sequestering carbon. We'll be watching to see if anyone tries to use this study to declare that forests must be cut to lessen global warming. ::BBC News via Technocrat

UPDATE: As a commenter below pointed out, I made the mistake of equating carbon emissions with the warming effect. Trees do sequester carbon dioxide everywhere... but are more likely to trap heat in in upper latitudes. My apologies.
resources from: www.treehugger.com

AIR POLLUTION

2009-06-12T17:22:00.000-07:00

Every day, the average person inhales about 20,000 liters of air. Every time we breathe, we risk inhaling dangerous chemicals that have found their way into the air.
Air pollution includes all contaminants found in the atmosphere. These dangerous substances can be either in the form of gases or particles.

Air pollution can be found both outdoors and indoors. Pollutants can be trapped inside buildings, causing indoor pollution that lasts for a long time.
The sources of air pollution are both natural and human-based. As one might expect, humans have been producing increasing amounts of pollution as time has progressed, and they now account for the majority of pollutants released into the air.
Air pollution has been a problem throughout history. Even in Ancient Rome people complained about smoke put into the atmosphere.
The effects of air pollution are diverse and numerous. Air pollution can have serious consequences for the health of human beings, and also severely affects natural ecosystems.
Because it is located in the atmosphere, air pollution is able to travel easily. As a result, air pollution is a global problem and has been the subject of global cooperation and conflict.
Some areas now suffer more than others from air pollution. Cities with large numbers of automobiles or those that use great quantities of coal often suffer most severely from problems of air pollution.
Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or damages the natural environment, into the atmosphere.
The atmosphere is a complex, dynamic natural gaseous system that is essential to support life on planet Earth. Stratospheric ozone depletion due to air pollution has long been recognized as a threat to human health as well as to the Earth's ecosystems.

AIR POLLUTION EFFECT
Air pollution is responsible for major health effects. Every year, the health of countless people is ruined or endangered by air pollution.

Many different chemicals in the air affect the human body in negative ways. Just how sick people will get depends on what chemicals they are exposed to, in what concentrations, and for how long.

Studies have estimated that the number of people killed annually in the US alone could be over 50,000.

Older people are highly vulnerable to diseases induced by air pollution. Those with heart or lung disorders are under additional risk. Children and infants are also at serious risk.

Because people are exposed to so many potentially dangerous pollutants, it is often hard to know exactly which pollutants are responsible for causing sickness. Also, because a mixture of different pollutants can intensify sickness, it is often difficult to isolate those pollutants that are at fault.

Many diseases could be caused by air pollution without their becoming apparent for a long time. Diseases such as bronchitis, lung cancer, and heart disease may all eventually appear in people exposed to air pollution.

Air pollutants such as ozone, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur dioxide also have harmful effects on natural ecosystems. They can kill plants and trees by destroying their leaves, and can kill animals, especially fish in highly polluted rivers.

from many resouces

CARBON DIOXIDE

2009-05-15T17:28:00.000-07:00

Carbon Dioxide harms ocean life. The ocean has absorbed almost half of the carbon dioxide that humans have made in the last 200 years, which is about 118 billion metric tons. Carbon dioxide harms coral and free-swimming algae. The carbon dioxide makes it more difficult for coral to form their outer shells. How does the ocean gather carbon dioxide? When the currents stir the ocean by pulling deep water from the surface, where the carbon dioxide gets trapped. Carbon dioxide causes the greatest threat to the species that live on the top of the ocean water. That’s because that is where the currents gather the carbon dioxide. Cars can also cause pollution to the ocean, not directly, but indirectly. The car’s exhaust (which is carbon dioxide) is evaporated, which can cause acid rain, and will eventually make is way into the ocean. It’s the same thing with boat gasses and agricultural pollution (except with pesticides).

Carbon dioxide (chemical formula: CO2) is a chemical compound composed of two oxygen atoms covalently bonded to a single carbon atom. It is a gas at standard temperature and pressure and exists in Earth's atmosphere in this state.

Carbon dioxide is used by plants during photosynthesis to make sugars which may either be consumed again in respiration or used as the raw material to produce polysaccharides such as starch and cellulose, proteins and the wide variety of other organic compounds required for plant growth and development. It is produced during respiration by plants, and by all animals, fungi and microorganisms that depend on living and decaying plants for food, either directly or indirectly. It is, therefore, a major component of the carbon cycle. Carbon dioxide is generated as a by-product of the combustion of fossil fuels or the burning of vegetable matter, among other chemical processes. Large amounts of carbon dioxide are emitted from volcanoes and other geothermal processes such as hot springs and geysers and by the dissolution of carbonates in crustal rocks.

Carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere is at a concentration of 387 ppm by volume. Atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide fluctuate slightly with the change of the seasons, driven primarily by seasonal plant growth in the Northern Hemisphere. Concentrations of carbon dioxide fall during the northern spring and summer as plants consume the gas, and rise during the northern autumn and winter as plants go dormant, die and decay. Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas as it transmits visible light but absorbs strongly in the infrared and near-infrared.

Carbon dioxide has no liquid state at pressures below 5.1 atm. At 1 atm the gas deposits directly to a solid at temperatures below -78 °C and the solid sublimes directly to a gas above -78 °C. In its solid state, carbon dioxide is commonly called dry ice.

CO2 is an acidic oxide: an aqueous solution turns litmus from blue to pink.

CO2 is toxic in higher concentrations: 1% (10,000 ppm) will make some people feel drowsy. Concentrations of 7% to 10% cause dizziness, headache, visual and hearing dysfunction, and unconsciousness within a few minutes to an hour.

from many resouces

ocean pollution

2009-05-15T17:15:00.000-07:00

Pollution in the ocean is a major problem that is affecting the ocean and the rest of the Earth, too. Pollution in the ocean directly affects ocean organisms and indirectly affects human health and resources. Oil spills, toxic wastes, and dumping of other harmful materials are all major sources of pollution in the ocean. People should learn more about these because if people know more about pollution in the ocean, then they will know more about how to stop pollution.
Oil pollution is very bad for the ocean and environment. Thirty seven million gallons of oil are accidentally spilled into the ocean every year by tankers. Even more oil gets into the ocean from non-accidental sources. Sixty million gallons of oil end up in the ocean every year. That’s a lot of oil! The oil “glues” birds’ feathers together, clogs fishes gills, and blocks out sunlight (making it harder for plants underwater to go through photosynthesis). Oil pollution also slows down coral reefs growing and their reproduction. Coral reefs are also very sensitive to oil, especially crude oil. Click here for a pie graph on oil pollution. Also, click here for another chart on how many millions of gallons of oil end up in the ocean each year.

What are toxic wastes?

Toxic wastes are poisonous materials that are being dumped into the ocean. They harm many plants and animals in the ocean and have a huge impact on our health. Toxic waste is the most harmful form of pollution to sea life and humans. When toxic waste harms an organism, it can quickly be passed along the food chain and may eventually end up being our seafood. In the food chain, one toxic organism gets eaten by another, larger animal, which gets eaten by another animal, and can end up being our seafood. Toxic waste gets into seas and oceans by the leaking of landfills, dumps, mines, and farms. Farm chemicals and heavy metals from factories can have a very harmful effect on marine life and humans.

Many fishermen believe that the toxic chemicals in the ocean are killing much of the fish population. One of the most harmful chemicals in the ocean is lead. Lead can cause many health problems. It can damage the brain, kidneys, and reproductive system. Lead can also cause birth defects for people. It has been shown to cause low IQ scores, slow growth, and hearing problems for small children. House and car paint and manufacturing lead batteries, fishing lures, certain parts of bullets, some ceramic ware, water pipes, and fixtures all give off lead.

Many things found in the ocean may cause seafood to be dangerous to human health. The effect on humans from contaminated seafood may include birth defects and nervous system damage. Medical waste found in the ocean is being tested to see if swimmers have a chance of developing Hepatitis or AIDS. Other waste has been known to cause viral and bacterial diseases. This type of pollution can be stopped by watching what pollution we are letting into the ocean. People are trying to decrease the amount of waste in the oceans by recycling as much garbage as they can so there is a smaller amount of very harmful materials in the ocean.

Boating Pollution Prevention Tips

Whenever someone takes their boat onto the water for a ride, it is creating pollution that can be very harmful to the sea life. Boating pollution is the pollution that comes from the boat’s engine when it is running, and it pollutes the water, killing animals with the chemicals in the exhaust from the engine. The engine gives off excess gasoline, which pollutes the waters and ends up killing the animals. In order to make as little pollution as possible, what everyone can do to help is:
Only turn a boat engine on all the way when you need to.
Don’t take your boat out into the water if you don’t need to.
Be sure to store and transport gasoline in places where there isn’t any direct sunlight because the gasoline will evaporate, and all of the gases that have been evaporated will pollute the air.
Every year, buy new or cleaner marine engines for your boats.

from many resouces

selamat datang di bumi

2009-05-15T16:54:00.000-07:00

selamat datang di bumi yang gersang ini. Lihatlah ke kiri: taman gersang, di kanan mobil,motor berlalu-lalang. Hirup udara yang sudah bercampur dengan asap knalpot,asap industri, debu. Tak ada pohon disekitar yang bisa menetralisir udara, sampah plastik berserakan. Pohon-pohon ditebang dan tak pernah ditanami kembali.
Sampai kapan kita cuma berdiam diri tanpa ada usaha untuk menyelamatkan bumi ini. Bumi tempat kita tinggal, tempat kita hidup. Tuhan telah memberi kita bumi yang dulunya sangat indah ini. Harusnya kita bisa menjaga bumi kita yang indah ini.
Saya sangat cinta bumi ini, walaupun saya belum bisa berbuat banyak tetapi saya akan berusaha untuk menjaganya.

Pollution

2009-05-15T16:29:00.000-07:00

Air pollution from World War II production.

Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into an environment that causes instability, disorder, harm or discomfort to the ecosystem i.e. physical systems or living organisms .[1] Pollution can take the form of chemical substances, or energy, such as noise, heat, or light energy. Pollutants, the elements of pollution, can be foreign substances or energies, or naturally occurring; when naturally occurring, they are considered contaminants when they exceed natural levels. Pollution is often classed as point source or nonpoint source pollution. The Blacksmith Institute issues annually a list of the world's worst polluted places. In the 2007 issues the ten top nominees are located in Azerbaijan, China, India, Peru, Russia, Ukraine and Zambia.
History

Throughout history from Ancient Greece to Andalusia, Ancient China, central Europe during the Renaissance until today, philosophers ranging from Aristotle, Al-Farabi, Al-Ghazali, Averroes, Buddha, Confucius, Dante, Hegel, Avicenna, Lao Tse, Maimonedes, Montesquieu, Nussbaum, Plato, Socrates and Sun Tzu wrote about the pollution of the body as well as the mind and soul.

Prehistory

Humankind has had some effect upon the environment since the Paleolithic era during which the ability to generate fire was acquired. In the Iron Age, the use of tooling led to the practice of metal grinding on a small scale and resulted in minor accumulations of discarded material probably easily dispersed without too much impact. Human wastes would have polluted rivers or water sources to some degree. However, these effects could be expected predominantly to be dwarfed by the natural world.

Ancient cultures

The first advanced civilizations of Mesopotamia, Egypt, India, China, Persia, Greece and Rome increased the use of water for their manufacture of goods, increasingly forged metal and created fires of wood and peat for more elaborate purposes (for example, bathing, heating). The forging of metals appears to be a key turning point in the creation of significant air pollution levels. Core samples of glaciers in Greenland indicate increases in air pollution associated with Greek, Roman and Chinese metal production[2]. Still, at this time the scale of higher activity probably did not disrupt ecosystems.

Middle Ages

The European Dark Ages during the early Middle Ages probably saw a reprieve in widespread pollution, in that industrial activity fell, and population levels did not grow rapidly. Toward the end of the Middle Ages populations grew and concentrated more within cities, creating pockets of readily evident contamination. In certain places air pollution levels were recognizable as health issues, and water pollution in population centers was a serious medium for disease transmission from untreated human waste.

Since travel and widespread information were less common, there did not exist a more general context than that of local consequences in which to consider pollution. Air pollution was largely from wood burning which must be properly ventilated. Septic contamination or poisoning of a clean drinking water source was very easily fatal, and contamination was not well understood. Bad septic contamination and pollution contributed greatly to the Bubonic plague.

Official acknowledgement

But gradually increasing populations and the proliferation of basic industrial processes saw the emergence of a civilization that began to have a much greater collective impact on its surroundings. It was to be expected that the beginnings of environmental awareness would occur in the more developed cultures, particularly in the densest urban centers. The first medium warranting official policy measures in the emerging western world would be the most basic: the air we breathe.

The earliest known writings concerned with pollution were Arabic medical treatises written between the 9th and 13th centuries, by physicians such as al-Kindi (Alkindus), Qusta ibn Luqa (Costa ben Luca), Muhammad ibn Zakariya Razi (Rhazes), Ibn Al-Jazzar, al-Tamimi, al-Masihi, Ibn Sina (Avicenna), Ali ibn Ridwan, Ibn Jumay, Isaac Israeli ben Solomon, Abd-el-latif, Ibn al-Quff, and Ibn al-Nafis. Their works covered a number of subjects related to pollution such as air contamination, water contamination, soil contamination, solid waste mishandling, and environmental assessments of certain localities.[3]

King Edward I of England banned the burning of sea-coal by proclamation in London in 1272, after its smoke had become a problem.[4][5] But the fuel was so common in England that this earliest of names for it was acquired because it could be carted away from some shores by the wheelbarrow. Air pollution would continue to be a problem in England, especially later during the industrial revolution, and extending into the recent past with the Great Smog of 1952. This same city also recorded one of the earlier extreme cases of water quality problems with the Great Stink on the Thames of 1858, which led to construction of the London sewerage system soon afterward.

It was the industrial revolution that gave birth to environmental pollution as we know it today. The emergence of great factories and consumption of immense quantities of coal and other fossil fuels gave rise to unprecedented air pollution and the large volume of industrial chemical discharges added to the growing load of untreated human waste. Chicago and Cincinnati were the first two American cities to enact laws ensuring cleaner air in 1881. Other cities followed around the country until early in the 20th century, when the short lived Office of Air Pollution was created under the Department of the Interior. Extreme smog events were experienced by the cities of Los Angeles and Donora, Pennsylvania in the late 1940s, serving as another public reminder.[6]

Modern awareness
Early Soviet poster, before the modern awareness: "The smoke of chimneys is the breath of Soviet Russia"

Pollution became a popular issue after WW2, when the aftermath of atomic warfare and testing made evident the perils of radioactive fallout. Then a conventional catastrophic event The Great Smog of 1952 in London killed at least 8000 people. This massive event prompted some of the first major modern environmental legislation, The Clean Air Act of 1956.

Pollution began to draw major public attention in the United States between the mid-1950s and early 1970s, when Congress passed the Noise Control Act, the Clean Air Act, the Clean Water Act and the National Environmental Policy Act.

Bad bouts of local pollution helped increase consciousness. PCB dumping in the Hudson River resulted in a ban by the EPA on consumption of its fish in 1974. Long-term dioxin contamination at Love Canal starting in 1947 became a national news story in 1978 and led to the Superfund legislation of 1980. Legal proceedings in the 1990s helped bring to light Chromium-6 releases in California--the champions of whose victims became famous. The pollution of industrial land gave rise to the name brownfield, a term now common in city planning. DDT was banned in most of the developed world after the publication of Rachel Carson's Silent Spring.

The development of nuclear science introduced radioactive contamination, which can remain lethally radioactive for hundreds of thousands of years. Lake Karachay, named by the Worldwatch Institute as the "most polluted spot" on earth, served as a disposal site for the Soviet Union thoroughout the 1950s and 1960s. Second place may go to the to the area of Chelyabinsk U.S.S.R. (see reference below) as the "Most polluted place on the planet".

Nuclear weapons continued to be tested in the Cold War, sometimes near inhabited areas, especially in the earlier stages of their development. The toll on the worst-affected populations and the growth since then in understanding about the critical threat to human health posed by radioactivity has also been a prohibitive complication associated with nuclear power. Though extreme care is practiced in that industry, the potential for disaster suggested by incidents such as those at Three Mile Island and Chernobyl pose a lingering specter of public mistrust. One legacy of nuclear testing before most forms were banned has been significantly raised levels of background radiation.

International catastrophes such as the wreck of the Amoco Cadiz oil tanker off the coast of Brittany in 1978 and the Bhopal disaster in 1984 have demonstrated the universality of such events and the scale on which efforts to address them needed to engage. The borderless nature of atmosphere and oceans inevitably resulted in the implication of pollution on a planetary level with the issue of global warming. Most recently the term persistent organic pollutant (POP) has come to describe a group of chemicals such as PBDEs and PFCs among others. Though their effects remain somewhat less well understood owing to a lack of experimental data, they have been detected in various ecological habitats far removed from industrial activity such as the Arctic, demonstrating diffusion and bioaccumulation after only a relatively brief period of widespread use.

Growing evidence of local and global pollution and an increasingly informed public over time have given rise to environmentalism and the environmental movement, which generally seek to limit human impact on the environment.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

How to save our earth from global warming

2009-04-13T08:57:00.000-07:00

The biggest challenge that mankind is facing in this century is "global warming" and there is a "global warning" given by scientist to save our earth.It has become a big cry from every corner of the world "How to save our mother earth from global warming", every nation, every forums, every where and in every thing they discuss about this global warming and how to save our earth from this biggest threat. Scientists had laid down the root cause for this situation as the increase in the amount of carbon DI oxide let out on the atmosphere by our industries and automobiles. If this is going to continue we may loose our land to oceans and the indifferent climate conditions may also lead to new unknown diseases, which may challenge the medical world. Now it self we have started to feel the impact of this global warming. It is not an issue with the scientists alone, every individual can join hands in this global mission on "How to save our mother earth from global warming", and i have listed something below.

1.Automobiles stay ahead of everything in the emission of carbon, so as for as possible try to avoid using your automobile for short distances.

2.Instead of everybody using their own vehicle if some of you are working in the same area and living in the same area you can share one vehicle.

3.Now everything can be done through net instead of going to the banks, stations, markets and etc you can do the same by sitting at your home in front of your system.

4. You can reduce the usage of your refrigerator, If you think that how much my refrigerator is going stand as a cause, don't see as one refrigerator of your home count the no of refrigerators around the world in each home and shops, Hotels etc,.

5.Start using the recycle base articles, change from plastic to paper.

6.We can change ourselves to use cotton cloths than silk rayon cloths.

7.As much as possible use cotton bags or paper bags than plastic bags.

8.Instead of searching for a solution how to destroy the used batteries, start using rechargeable batteries.

9.The waste water that is been let out in the process of leather tanning process spoils the soil and its fertility either we should reuse the water through water treatment plants or we should avoid using leather articles.

10.Let us avoid use and throw articles in our daily uses because almost 90 percent of these kind of articles are being made of plastics.

11.Let us grow at least a tree in every house.

12.To stop the forests getting destroyed, the heart of mother nature you can simply avoid using wooden articles.

13. Attend all your vehicles schedule check ups without fail, to Keep your vehicles in good condition and intact .

14.Give special attention to the carburetor, and silencer of your vehicle.

15.Scientists say even the chemicals used for domestic cleaning also destroys the atmosphere since use soda, lemon and vinegar instead of the chemicals.

We can teach our children how to love nature and how important it is to safeguard the world.Instead of keeping them a big asset it is very important for us to keep a wonderful natural and healthy world for them to enjoy their life. It is-true improvements is unavoidable but we can avoid destroying the earth for it is not our permanent property for us to enjoy on our own as we wish. we are only sharing and it should handed over to the following generation with the same way how we got it from our predecessor.

I also welcome more ideas that we can share to join hands in this mission.

When the whole world is searching for new ways and means to fight global warming, an Indian agricultural scientist, Dr. N. Bharathi, said bamboo was a practical atmospheric carbon absorbing plant. He added, " It is the fastest and least expensive way to solve the problems of carbon-dioxide emission and water pollution."

Bamboo absorbs carbon-dioxide and releases oxygen into the atmosphere three to four times higher than many other trees. Bamboo also enriches the soil naturally and prevents soil erosion and effectively cleans the water pollution of of the septic tank discharge and factory effluent by its natural affinity for nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metals. One mature Bheema Bamboo (Bambusa Balocava) would absorb above 500 kgs of carbon-dioxide.

A few more:

With the number of natural disasters growing high everyday, it is almost as if the earth is crying out loud for our help. Statistics have put an eight year timer on the time - bomb that is now our planet.

Become a part of your school, college, office, or your residential area's environment clubs. Participate in activities to clean up the city you live in.

Garbage lying around begins to ro6t and plays a huge role in polluting the soil, air and water the very basic essentials that we require to live. Picking up garbage and throwing it in dustbins is a great way to start living clean. Try to composite kitchen waste and other organic wastes. This composite is also a great fertilizer and it helps reduce the amount of trash that you send to your local garbage dump.

Follow this three important three green rules:

1. Reduce 2. Reuse and 3. Recycle

Follow this three rules strictly so that you can reduce the amount of waste by knowing which items are recyclable. For example, cardboard, paper and glass are all recyclable materials, and once they have been recycled, they can be reused.

Use cloth bags or jute bags to carry groceries or other items. Stop immediately using paper or plastic bags or materials that cannot be recycled. If you are made to use paper or plastic bags, ensure that you get them recycled so that they can be reused.

When on market, look for the three arrows that make a circle denoting recyclable material. That way you know the products which you are buying can be recycled and will help protect the environment.

Climate change is mainly brought about by the release of toxic green house gases like carbon dioxide into the air. The best way to reduce this greenhouse gases is to grow more trees which use these gases for their food making process. Plant fresh saplings in your park, office, school, college, or your garden and if possible make a community planting by joining hands with your friends, family and your neighbours. Help the earth, breathe.

Vehicular pollution is the most major cause of air pollution in big cities. While no one is saying stop driving cars, but you can be smart about it.

Walk or use public transport whenever you are going to a nearby place or to office. Carpooling, or even riding a bicycle is a great way to cut down both fuel costs and usage and pollution and also help you keep fit.

If you aren't using electrical appliances switch them off. Leaving them on only contributes to the loss of more and more precious fuel resources.

Don't use more water than you need, and now that the rainy season on the corner adopt rain water harvesting to help raise ground water levels.

global warming

2009-04-12T06:42:00.000-07:00

Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the Earth's near-surface air and the oceans since the mid-twentieth century and its projected continuation. Global surface temperature increased 0.74 ± 0.18 °C(1.33 ± 0.32 °F) during the last century. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) concludes that anthropogenic greenhouse gases are responsible for most of the observed temperature increase since the middle of the twentieth century, and that natural phenomena such as solar variation and volcanoes probably had a small warming effect from pre-indutrial times to 1950 and a small cooling effect afterward. These basic conclusions have been endorsed by more than 40 scientific society and academies of science, including all of the national academies of science of the major industrialized countries.

Climate model projections summarized in the latest IPCC report indicate that global surface temperature will likely rise a further 1.1 to 6.4 °C (2.0 to 11.5 °F) during the twenty-first century. The uncertainty in this estimate arises from the use of models with differing climate sentivity, and the use of differing estimates of future greenhouse gas emissions. Some other uncertaities include how warming and related changes will vary from region to region around the globe. Most studies focus on the period up to 2100. However, warming is expected to continue beyond 2100, even if emissions stop, because of the large heat capacity of the ocean and the long lifetime ofcarbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Increasing global temperature will cause sea levels to rise and will change the amount and pattern of precipitation, likely including expansion of subtropical deserts . The continuing retreat of glaciers,permafrost and sea ice is expected, with the Artic region being particularly affected. Other likely effects include shrinkage of the Amazon Rainforest and Boreal forests, increases in the intensity of extreme weather events, species extinctions and changes in agricultural yields .

Political and public debate continues regarding the appropriate response to global warming. The available options are mitigation to reduce further emissions; adaptation to reduce the damage caused by warming; and, more speculatively, geoengineering to reverse global warming. Most national govermentshave signed and ratified the Kyoto Protocol aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

Resouces from Wikipedia